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Space Appeal :: Science Planets NASA Papers

Space Appeal Advertising exercises have been and consistently will be a fundamental piece of team exercises. While these exercises assimi...

Monday, March 23, 2020

Pure Capitalism Essays - Taxation, Public Finance, Tax, Income Tax

Pure Capitalism My idea of the perfect government could be called ?Pure Capitalism?. It is based on survival of the fittest and not all people are created equal. To explain this government I will compare it to our current system. The biggest concept is that the people have complete control of most all economic conditions. Taxes: I do not believe in an income tax, I want to choose what I do with my money. Income in my view is a form of double taxation. To make up for the loss of no income tax, the sales taxes would be increased, not only would this allow people to have more control over there money it would virtually eliminate tax fraud. The sales tax could not tax food intended for consumption, clothing, or other Basic necessities of life. On average products the rate would be a flat percentage rate, and on products considered luxiourus the rate would be exponential, much like our current income tax system. A new administration would be formed to control the rates and stop double taxation. The inheritance tax would be abolished, if I want to work hard my life, throw all of my money in the bank, and leave it to my kids so that they can sit around doing nothing till the day they die, I shouldn't have to pay for politicians to do sit around there whole life too. Welfare: The current welfare program pisses me off. In pure capitalism there would be a one year minimum for basic welfare, after that, all you get is a big ?good luck!, no one ever said life was fair?. If you can't get a job in 365 days you don't deserve for me to support you. The only exception here would be if someone was receiving average or higher education, in which the welfare program would last one year after completing the course. A set amount of bonus welfare would be received for each dependent when the program is started, but a deduction larger that the original bonus for any children born after the program has started. This is to discourage the inferior from reproducing. Poor breed poor. Again there is any exception for advrige or higher education received. In order to encourage private businesses to form, an extremely powerful business loss compensation loss program would be designed. In order for an economy like this one to survive, it takes guts on the part of the individual, unfortunately that is the reason many potential Trumps are never discovered. To counteract this, any business which is registered with the gov't and then fails, will have compensation equal to the amount invested in the business initially, that way someone couldn't start a business, inflate the vaule till it is about to crash, then liquidate to receive the amount of the inflated value. They could only get to amount they invested in it back. Labor: Every business needs a power work machine. Labor Unions in my ideal economy would have much more power provided by the government. Corporations would be required to sell stock to its workers. 401(k) plans would be highly encouraged, and other fringe benefits provided. When you retire the amount recieved would be based on two things. (1) How successful you where in life. (2) How hard you worked. With higher emphasis on number 2, people who have lower job skills would still be encouraged to work harder, knowing that it will eventually pay off in the long run. Poor breeds poor, but if the poor stay on the right track, they can still have a decient life. This last section is to cover the broader based ideals in the perfect economy. Kill the ?All people created equal polacy.? Lets face it, some poeple are superior and some are inferior, the minorities can't call for affirmative action by hiding behind that statement. If I want to hire someone based on the color of there skin or there fathers father, I will do it. Forget minimum wage, you get paid what you are worth, if you are worthless you get paid less. Likewise, if you have a good education and give it your all, you are worth more and thus get paid more. Though bleeding hearts would be in tears after reading this, I belive that this economy, though vague, would create a world power compairable to the present world military condition, alowing us to control the weak, not bleed all over them.

Friday, March 6, 2020

Examples and Definition of Discourse Domain in Speech

Examples and Definition of Discourse Domain in Speech In sociolinguistics, the term discourse domain refers to features or conventions of language use determined by the context in which communication takes place. A discourse domain typically includes a variety of registers. Also known as  cognitive discourse domain, discourse world, and knowledge map. A discourse domain can be understood as a  social construct as well as a cognitive construct. A discourse domain is made up of individuals who exhibit their own distinctive knowledge structures, cognitive styles, and biases. However, within the boundaries of a domain, there is continual interaction between domain structures and individual knowledge, an interaction between the individual and the social level (Hjà ¸rland and Albrechtsen, Toward a New Horizon in Information Science, 1995). See Examples and Observations below. Also, see: Cognitive LinguisticsConversation AnalysisDiscourseLinguistic VariationPragmaticsSpeech Community Examples and Observations Along the lines of what Wittgenstein called (2009) language games and Levinson (1979) labelled activity types,  discourse domains are  frameworks for conduct that organize participants verbal and non-verbal comportment around  recognized modes of activity grounded in shared norms, purposes and goals. Relevant activities include playing tennis, having an academic debate, or going on a walk with a dog- in short, activities that involve interacting with one or more human or non-human others in a particular setting and for specific kinds of reasons. -(Daniel Herman, Building More-Than-Human Worlds.  World Building: Discourse in the Mind, ed. by Joanna Gavins and Ernestine Lahey. Bloomsbury, 2016) These are some domain contextual examples (Based on Hymes, 1974; Gumperz, 1976; Douglas Selinker, 1985a): physical: setting, participants;phonological: voice tone, pitch, tempo, rhythm, volume;semantic: code, topic;rhetorical: register, style, genre;pragmatic: purpose, interactional salience;paralinguistic: posture, gesture, gaze, facial expression. The above list is not intended to be exhaustive and there are no doubt other types of contextualization cues, but it does give the reader a sense of the types of information available to language learners/users in communication situations. -Dan Douglas, Discourse Domains: The Cognitive Context of Speaking. Studying Speaking to Inform Second Language Learning, ed. by Diana Boxer and Andrew D. Cohen. Multilingual Matters, 2004 Contexts and Discourse Domains [A] discourse domain is a cognitive construct created in response to a number of factors, including semantic category, but also to other features of situational and linguistic context. For example, when we enter a room where a conversation is going on, we of course pay attention to the topic of the talk, but we also take note of a number of other features of the situation, including the physical setting, who the participants are, what the purpose of their conversation appears to be, whether the conversation seems to be businesslike, friendly, or angry, what features of language the participants are using, and what relationship they appear to have with each other. Depending upon our analysis of the situation in terms such as these, we might feel that this is a situation we are familiar with and would feel comfortable joining; in other words, as Douglas and Selinker would say, we possess a discourse domain for dealing with this communication situation... [D]iscourse domains are developed or engaged in response to signals in the situational and linguistic environment which interlocutors attend to in interpreting (indeed, creating) context. -Dan Douglas, Discourse Domains: The Cognitive Context of Speaking. Studying Speaking to Inform Second Language Learning, ed. by Diana Boxer and Andrew D. Cohen. Multilingual Matters, 2004 The Discourse Domain of Higher Education All persons involved in formal education at some point find themselves participating in various sorts of encounters, including less formal interactions in small groups- in laboratories, study groups, or colloquia. It is important to know how to display oneself as intellectually competent, and this is done more often than not through face-to-face interactions...How to utilize powerful speech behaviors without presenting oneself as arrogant involves a careful dance of negotiation. Joking, teasing, challenging, asking questions and commenting, getting and holding the floor- these are all important phenomena of face-to-face discourse in higher education... The discourse domain of education is one that everyone experiences. As an increasing number of citizens seek a higher education, it becomes ever more critical to understand how to negotiate relationships in this domain of interaction. The stakes are high. -Diana Boxer, Applying Sociolinguistics: Domains and Face-to-Face Interaction. John Benjamins, 2002 Story-Telling as a Discourse Domain There are clear reports that have shown that storytelling as a particular discourse domain is an activity that follows a well-delineated line of development within the mainstream culture. From very early on mother and child engage in an interaction format that resembles a book reading activity in the sense that both participants engage in a labeling game of more or less decontextualized units (cf. Ninio Bruner 1978; Ninio 1980). The capacity to label is not only a necessary prerequisite for the joint storytelling activity, it is also an activity that is propagated and embellished with short picture book-like stories that develop into more complicated narrations in the course of the pre-school years. -Michael G. W. Bamberg, The Acquisition of Narratives: Learning to Use Language. Mouton de Gruyter, 1987